Digital Mahjong-Based Cognitive Engagement Intervention for Older Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial

Heng-Hsin Tung   ^{1, 2, 3} , RN, FNP, PhD ;   Chen-Yuan Kuo   ⁴ , PhD ;   Pei-Lin Lee   ^{2, 4} , PhD ;   Chih-Wen Chang   ² , MSc ;   Kun-Hsien Chou   ^{4, 5} , PhD ;   Katelyn E Chen   ⁶ , BS, MS ;   Ching-Po Lin   ^{4, 5, 7} , PhD ;   Chih-Kuang Liang   ^{8, 9, 10} , MD, PhD ;   Liang-Kung Chen   ^{2, 11} , MD, PhD

¹ Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan

² Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan

³ Tungs’ Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan

⁴ Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan

⁵ Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan

⁶ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States

⁷ Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan

⁸ Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

⁹ Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan

¹⁰ Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

¹¹ Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital (Managed by Taipei Veterans General Hospital), Taipei City, Taiwan