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Harm Reduction Contingency Management for Stimulant Use Reduction and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in HIV Primary Care: Protocol for an Implementation Effectiveness Study

Harm Reduction Contingency Management for Stimulant Use Reduction and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in HIV Primary Care: Protocol for an Implementation Effectiveness Study

MI is a psychosocial interviewing technique that aims to enhance intrinsic motivation by eliciting statements that amplify and reinforce a patient’s commitment for behavioral change [32]. Several meta-analyses have shown that interventions using MI have had some effect on reducing substance use (including stimulants) and that pairing MI with CM interventions may lead to more durable behavior change [33].

Gabriela Steiner, Stefan Baral, Elise D Riley, Steven Shoptaw, Gabriel Chamie, Kate Roberts, Lauren Suchman, Kelly Knight, Monica Gandhi, Phillip Coffin, Ayesha Appa

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e67292


Subjective Performance Expectations From and Demographic and Categorical Differences in the Acceptance of Virtual Reality or AI Technologies in Rehabilitation Programs: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Survey With Rehabilitation Patients

Subjective Performance Expectations From and Demographic and Categorical Differences in the Acceptance of Virtual Reality or AI Technologies in Rehabilitation Programs: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Survey With Rehabilitation Patients

However, the motivation and acceptance of people confronted with this technology in a therapeutic setting have not been sufficiently investigated. Key questions in this context are as follows: Can neurological rehabilitation patients imagine that virtual rehabilitation will be developed as a new rehabilitation concept? How do rehabilitation patients rate this vision in terms of different therapeutic areas and perceived therapeutic success?

Guido Waldmann, Dominik Raab

J Particip Med 2025;17:e69350


A Culturally Tailored mHealth Intervention (MobileMen App) to Promote Physical Activity in African American Men: Protocol for a Comparative Effectiveness Trial

A Culturally Tailored mHealth Intervention (MobileMen App) to Promote Physical Activity in African American Men: Protocol for a Comparative Effectiveness Trial

Cultural norms around family roles, along with a lack of culturally relevant health messaging, can reduce motivation or the perceived value of PA [21,22]. Additionally, experiences of racism and discrimination—both in everyday life and within health care—contribute to chronic stress, mistrust of health institutions, and lower engagement in preventive health behaviors, including PA [23]. These structural and psychosocial barriers collectively create significant obstacles to PA for Black men.

Kayla Nuss, Amanda Brice, Callie Hebert, Phillip Nauta, April J Stull, Damon L Swift, Derek M Griffith, David B Buller, Robert L Newton Jr

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e67809


Chatbot-Delivered Stage of Change–Tailored Web-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Inactive Community-Dwelling People Aged 65 years or More: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Chatbot-Delivered Stage of Change–Tailored Web-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Inactive Community-Dwelling People Aged 65 years or More: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Third, participants and those who refuse to participate in this study may have different characteristics and motivation to perform PA. We are not able to collect information from refusals, and selection bias exists. Moreover, compared to other RCTs promoting PA among older adults [2], our follow-up period is shorter (6 months versus 12 months). We have selected a shorter follow-up period due to some practical concerns.

Xue Liang, Fenghua Sun, Qingpeng Zhang, Yuan Fang, Fuk-yuen Yu, Danhua Ye, Borui Zhang, Qianwen Liao, Phoenix KH Mo, Zixin Wang

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e68796


The Effect of a Mobile App (eMOM) on Self-Discovery and Psychological Factors in Persons With Gestational Diabetes: Mixed Methods Study

The Effect of a Mobile App (eMOM) on Self-Discovery and Psychological Factors in Persons With Gestational Diabetes: Mixed Methods Study

To assess maternal motivation, we used 2 questionnaires based on the self-determination theory: the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ) and the Perceived Competence Scale (PCS) for diabetes [24]. The TSRQ questionnaire assesses levels of autonomous versus controlled motivation, while the PCS measures perceived competence. Both questionnaires were administered at baseline (gestational weeks 24-28) and again between gestational weeks 35-37.

Sini Määttänen, Saila Koivusalo, Hanna Ylinen, Seppo Heinonen, Mikko Kytö

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2025;13:e60855


Exploring the Application Capability of ChatGPT as an Instructor in Skills Education for Dental Medical Students: Randomized Controlled Trial

Exploring the Application Capability of ChatGPT as an Instructor in Skills Education for Dental Medical Students: Randomized Controlled Trial

The latter highlights the importance of emotions which includes self-efficacy and motivation in academic achievements [27-29]. In this randomized controlled trial, we integrated Chat GPT into skill education and subsequently assessed the effectiveness of skill acquisition using high-fidelity desktop VR simulations. The investigation further evaluated the impacts of spatial ability, cognitive load, learning motivation, and self-efficacy.

Siyu Huang, Chang Wen, Xueying Bai, Sihong Li, Shuining Wang, Xiaoxuan Wang, Dong Yang

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e68538


Patients’ Expectations for App-Based Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: User-Centered Design Approach

Patients’ Expectations for App-Based Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: User-Centered Design Approach

As shown in Table 3, there was a statistically significant difference in opinion regarding the level of motivation based on the appropriate amount of time to exercise (F9=2.490; P=.0.15). Patients with higher motivation levels (ratings of 7‐10) favored longer exercise durations (mean ratings from 2.18 to 2.31) than those with lower motivation levels (ratings of 1‐6, mean ratings from 1.00 to 2.00).

Pika Krištof Mirt, Karmen Erjavec, Sabina Krsnik, Petra Kotnik, Hussein Mohsen

JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2025;12:e64607


Association Between Prevention Focus and Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Study

Association Between Prevention Focus and Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Study

In contrast, the desires associated with a promotion motivation orientation (eg, desire to achieve growth, advancement, and maximize potential gains), which could be considered as less of a “need.” It was expected that BMI would have a significant positive association with SB, due to the directly proportional association between BMI and weight. Increased time in SB can potentially lead to weight gain and has been positively related to the risk of obesity and diabetes [30-33].

Jethro Raphael Suarez, Amber Blount, Kworweinski Lafontant, Joon-Hyuk Park, Rui Xie, Nichole Lighthall, Ladda Thiamwong

Interact J Med Res 2025;14:e63280


Motivation Theories and Constructs in Experimental Studies of Online Instruction: Systematic Review and Directed Content Analysis

Motivation Theories and Constructs in Experimental Studies of Online Instruction: Systematic Review and Directed Content Analysis

Theories of motivation emphasize that learners’ motivation is influenced by several motivational constructs, any one of which may be the cause of poor motivation during online learning [4]. For example, medical students completing an online module on a basic science topic may be confident in their ability to learn but struggle to see the value in the material beyond their next examination.

Adam Gavarkovs, Erin Miller, Jaimie Coleman, Tharsiga Gunasegaran, Rashmi A Kusurkar, Kulamakan Kulasegaram, Melanie Anderson, Ryan Brydges

JMIR Med Educ 2025;11:e64179


Toward Unsupervised Capacity Assessments for Gait in Neurorehabilitation: Validation Study

Toward Unsupervised Capacity Assessments for Gait in Neurorehabilitation: Validation Study

In other words, this study will determine whether a standardized gait capacity assessment conducted in the clinical setting without supervision maintains the same validity, replicability, and motivation as when conducted with supervision. We hypothesize that the unsupervised assessments will provide results that are as reliable and replicable as those collected in a supervised manner with no differences in motivation.

Aileen C Naef, Guichande Duarte, Saskia Neumann, Migjen Shala, Meret Branscheidt, Chris Easthope Awai

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e66123