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Defining and Measuring Engagement and Adherence in Digital Mental Health Interventions: Protocol for an Umbrella Review

Defining and Measuring Engagement and Adherence in Digital Mental Health Interventions: Protocol for an Umbrella Review

However, despite their promise, DMHIs frequently suffer from low engagement and poor adherence, which limit their long-term effectiveness and scalability [5,6]. Many users discontinue use prematurely or do not engage with the content in a sustained or meaningful way. A major barrier to resolving these challenges is the lack of agreement on how engagement and adherence are defined and measured in the literature.

Lyen Krenz Yap, Edel Ennis, Maurice Mulvenna, Jorge Martinez-Carracedo

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e73438

Patterns of Engagement With the mHealth Component of a Sexual and Reproductive Health Risk Reduction Intervention for Young People With Depression: Latent Trajectory Analysis

Patterns of Engagement With the mHealth Component of a Sexual and Reproductive Health Risk Reduction Intervention for Young People With Depression: Latent Trajectory Analysis

Furthermore, there is a presumption of a dose-response or threshold relationship, such that higher engagement is associated with improved outcomes [19] or that sufficient engagement is required to achieve the intended outcomes (ie, effective engagement) [20].

Lydia A Shrier, Carly E Milliren, Brittany Ciriello, Madison M O'Connell, Sion Kim Harris

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2025;13:e70219

Use of a Wearable Self-Tracking Instrument by Refugees With Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Qualitative Study of Psychotherapeutic Mediation and Engagement

Use of a Wearable Self-Tracking Instrument by Refugees With Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Qualitative Study of Psychotherapeutic Mediation and Engagement

This unique feature enhances the tracking experience, promoting user engagement without the need for visual attention. Despite a growing interest in wearable technologies in mental health care [1], a significant epistemic gap remains: how do these tools mediate therapeutic experiences and shape patients’ perceptions of themselves and their mental health?

Lisa Groenberg Riisager, Stine Bjerrum Moeller, Jakob Eg Larsen, Thomas Blomseth Christiansen, Jesper Aagaard, Lotte Huniche

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e70511

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Digital Health Portal to Improve HIV Care Engagement Among Kenyan Youth: Mixed Methods Study

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Digital Health Portal to Improve HIV Care Engagement Among Kenyan Youth: Mixed Methods Study

The patient health portal (PHP) study, a stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial conducted between May 2022 and December 2023, evaluated the effectiveness of a tailored web-based health portal in fostering patient engagement among adolescents and young people aged 15 to 24 years. Detailed in our study protocol, the study reflects an innovative approach to address the unique needs of this demographic, who often face barriers to consistent health care access and adherence [1].

Eric Nturibi, Jared Mecha, Florence Kaara, Faith Musau, Christine Mwangi, Elizabeth Kubo, Albert Orwa

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e59661

Early Digital Engagement Among Younger Children and the Transformation of Parenting in the Digital Age From an mHealth Perspective: Scoping Review

Early Digital Engagement Among Younger Children and the Transformation of Parenting in the Digital Age From an mHealth Perspective: Scoping Review

Classification formats were developed to organize the efficacy of interventions (eg, screen time reduction, improved parental engagement, and coviewing) and their relevance to developmental outcomes. Data charting involved systematically populating the metadata from each study into predefined categories. Key findings were reviewed to ensure accuracy.

Nafisa Anjum, Md Mehedi Hasan, Nursat Jahan, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Allison Garefino, Nazmus Sakib

JMIR Pediatr Parent 2025;8:e60355

Use, Usability, and Experience Testing of a Digital Health Intervention to Support Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Management: Mixed Methods Study

Use, Usability, and Experience Testing of a Digital Health Intervention to Support Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Management: Mixed Methods Study

Alongside demonstrating the efficacy of DHIs, the use of and engagement with DHIs are considered important when evaluating their effectiveness [24,25] and may be regarded as a prerequisite for the intervention to achieve positive outcomes [26]. Engagement, defined as users’ regular interaction with a part or all of the DHI [27], has been typically conceptualized as “use” [24], with a focus on temporal patterns (eg, frequency and duration) and depth (eg, use of specific intervention content) [28,29].

Courtney J Lightfoot, Thomas J Wilkinson, Roseanne E Billany, Gurneet K Sohansoha, Noemi Vadaszy, Ella C Ford, Melanie J Davies, Thomas Yates, Alice C Smith, Matthew P M Graham-Brown

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e75845

A Brief Engagement Intervention Adapted for Racial and Ethnic Minority Young Adults in Mental Health Services: Protocol for a Pilot Optimization Trial

A Brief Engagement Intervention Adapted for Racial and Ethnic Minority Young Adults in Mental Health Services: Protocol for a Pilot Optimization Trial

The new candidate behavioral intervention components seek to (1) enhance perceived cultural competency of providers, (2) improve hope (ie, self-belief and outcome expectancy that recovery is possible), and (3) improve self-efficacy for treatment engagement (ie, decrease perceived difficulty or increase control of engagement behaviors). Hope and self-efficacy were targeted as mediators in the previous trial of Just Do You but did not change [50]. Conceptual model.

Kiara L Moore, Aaron H Rodwin, Marya Gwadz, Doris F Chang, Linda M Collins, Michelle R Munson

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e68885

Engaging Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Research: Qualitative Substudy of Factors Impacting Participation

Engaging Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Research: Qualitative Substudy of Factors Impacting Participation

A lack of engagement, even at in-person events, was interpreted by community coordinators as further proof of public skepticism: There is resentment about pouring resources into ”research” instead of simply meeting basic needs. I was able to offer a presentation about the ACTing Collectively project . . .

Bryah Boutilier, Grace Warner, Brianna Wolfe, Sorayya Askari, Elaine Moody, Parisa Ghanouni, Tanya Packer

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e74191

Engaging Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment in Digital Health Technologies: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Engaging Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment in Digital Health Technologies: Protocol for a Scoping Review

These findings underscore the importance of increasing engagement, as there is evidence that higher levels of engagement are associated with better cognitive health [20]. For older people living with cognitive impairment, engagement with digital health technologies can be particularly challenging, and even more so for people from cultural or linguistic minority groups.

Sié Mathieu Aymar Romaric Da, Maxime Sasseville, Marie-Soleil Hardy, Idrissa Beogo, Amédé Gogovor, Samira Amil, Achille R Yameogo, Frédéric Bergeron, Anik Giguere, Annie LeBlanc, James Plaisimond, Carole Rivard-Lacroix, Marie-Pierre Gagnon

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e65515

The Role of Early Engagement in a Self-Directed, Digital Mental Health Intervention for Adolescent Anxiety: Moderated Regression Analysis

The Role of Early Engagement in a Self-Directed, Digital Mental Health Intervention for Adolescent Anxiety: Moderated Regression Analysis

It is possible that greater effort or more in-depth use of content and tasks early in the program (better engagement) may facilitate interest, trigger symptom improvements, and sustained engagement over time.

Emma-Leigh Senyard, Arlen Rowe, Govind Krishnamoorthy, Susan H Spence, Caroline Donovan, Sonja March

JMIR Pediatr Parent 2025;8:e60523