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Online Interventions Addressing Health Misinformation: Scoping Review

Online Interventions Addressing Health Misinformation: Scoping Review

Misinformation is defined as “false information that is spread, regardless of whether there is intent to mislead” [1]. Misinformation in health and health care contexts has emerged as a significant and growing concern, particularly in the digital age where the spread of information is rapid and often unchecked.

Hiya Grover, Radwa Nour, Nabil Zary, Leigh Powell

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e69618


Mapping Vaccine Sentiment by Analyzing Spanish-Language Social Media Posts and Survey-Based Public Opinion: Dual Methods Study

Mapping Vaccine Sentiment by Analyzing Spanish-Language Social Media Posts and Survey-Based Public Opinion: Dual Methods Study

The crisis in the vaccination system and the resurgence of antivaccine movements are due to the increased accessibility of misinformation and the reduced credibility of health care personnel [9-11]. The internet and social media have changed the way the public accesses health information [12,13].

Agnes Huguet-Feixa, Wasim Ahmed, Eva Artigues-Barberà, Joaquim Sol, Xavier Gomez-Arbones, Pere Godoy, Marta Ortega Bravo

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e63223


Concerns Regarding the Methodology of a Psychological Inoculation Meta-Analysis on Misinformation

Concerns Regarding the Methodology of a Psychological Inoculation Meta-Analysis on Misinformation

The study “Psychological Inoculation for Credibility Assessment, Sharing Intention, and Discernment of Misinformation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” [1] was published in volume 25 of the Journal of Medical Internet Research. It is the only meta-analysis we know of that aims to synthesize effects pertaining to all inoculation interventions against misinformation. It has been cited widely, including within an American Psychological Association consensus statement [2].

Daniel Loughnan, Aart van Stekelenburg, J Loes Pouwels, Mariska Kleemans

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e64430


Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Perceptions of a Pop-Up Aimed at Combating the Spread of E-Cigarette Misinformation on Social Media: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Perceptions of a Pop-Up Aimed at Combating the Spread of E-Cigarette Misinformation on Social Media: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

E-cigarette–related misinformation is widely shared on social media, which can lower perceived health risks and undermine adolescents’ and young adults’ quit attempts [1]. As extensive social media use is associated with e-cigarette use among adolescents and young adults [2-4], and seeking information about e-cigarettes predicts future use [5], it is crucial that the information being accessed is accurate and up to date.

Jessica Maturo, Shivani Mathur Gaiha

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e73193


The Role of Influencers and Echo Chambers in the Diffusion of Vaccine Misinformation: Opinion Mining in a Taiwanese Online Community

The Role of Influencers and Echo Chambers in the Diffusion of Vaccine Misinformation: Opinion Mining in a Taiwanese Online Community

As misinformation became more prevalent on social media, exacerbated by the terming of “fake news” and a global pandemic, more research was conducted on clarifying the definition of misinformation and classifying the different kinds of misinformation. The term “misinformation” is often used interchangeably with related concepts such as spam, rumors, fake news, and disinformation.

Jason Dean-Chen Yin, Tzu-Chin Wu, Chia-Yun Chen, Fen Lin, Xiaohui Wang

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e57951


The Impact of Misinformation on Social Media in the Context of Natural Disasters: Narrative Review

The Impact of Misinformation on Social Media in the Context of Natural Disasters: Narrative Review

This rapid onset and escalation of natural disasters can amplify the spread of misinformation on social media platforms in unique ways. For this reason, examining misinformation specifically within the context of natural disasters offers valuable insights into the role of social media in crisis communication.

Sonya Hilberts, Mark Govers, Elena Petelos, Silvia Evers

JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e70413


Evaluating the Feasibility of Web-Monitoring Methodology for Measuring Exposure to Online Cancer Misinformation

Evaluating the Feasibility of Web-Monitoring Methodology for Measuring Exposure to Online Cancer Misinformation

Cancer misinformation can negatively impact health outcomes and increase mortality risk if patients forgo conventional cancer treatment for unproven alternatives [7,8]. These risks demonstrate an urgency to strengthen the growing field of online cancer misinformation scholarship.

Cindy A Turner, Andy J King, Ida Tovar, Morgan M Millar, Rachel R Codden, Jia-Wen Guo, Skyler Johnson, Anne C Kirchhoff, Margaret Raber, Xiaoming Sheng, Deanna Kepka, Echo L Warner

JMIR Cancer 2025;11:e65887


Leveraging Canadian Health Care Worker Volunteers to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Facebook: Qualitative Program Evaluation Study

Leveraging Canadian Health Care Worker Volunteers to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Facebook: Qualitative Program Evaluation Study

Efforts to address concerns and highlight the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines have been met with significant challenges, as the spread of misinformation on social media has hindered vaccine uptake [6]. As a result, multiple strategies have been implemented to identify vaccine misinformation.

Caitlin Ford, Hinna Hasan, Madison Fullerton, Janette Wong, Margaret Pateman, Hao Ming Chen, Theresa Tang, Jia Hu, Kirsten Cornelson

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e65361


Perceptions and Attitudes of Chinese Oncologists Toward Endorsing AI-Driven Chatbots for Health Information Seeking Among Patients with Cancer: Phenomenological Qualitative Study

Perceptions and Attitudes of Chinese Oncologists Toward Endorsing AI-Driven Chatbots for Health Information Seeking Among Patients with Cancer: Phenomenological Qualitative Study

Challenges such as the risk of disseminating misinformation, lack of personalization, and ethical concerns related to patient privacy have been noted [18-20]. Oncologists are at the forefront of cancer care. They serve as clinical decision makers and trusted advisors in patient education. Their role has evolved to include guiding patients through increasingly complex treatment options and emerging digital health tools.

Lijuan Zeng, Qiaoqi Li, Yan Zuo, Ying Zhang, Zhaojun Li

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e71418


Interventions to Counter Health Misinformation Among Older People: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Interventions to Counter Health Misinformation Among Older People: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Misinformation and disinformation in health are significant issues because they undermine trust in public health authorities, scientists, and governments [1-4]. Health misinformation encompasses information that deviates from the established scientific consensus about a phenomenon [5]. Conversely, disinformation involves the intentional spread of inaccurate information with the aim of misleading or causing harm, while misinformation, although still incorrect, is shared without malicious intent [6].

Maryline Vivion, Valérie Reid, Valérie Trottier, Frédéric Bergeron, Isabelle Savard, Emilie Dionne, André Tourigny

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e74138