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Association Between Risk Factors and Major Cancers: Explainable Machine Learning Approach

Association Between Risk Factors and Major Cancers: Explainable Machine Learning Approach

In conclusion, our study established a predictive framework using EHR data to assess the association between risk factors and cancer outcomes using explainable ML models across major cancer types. We reported critical nontraditional chronic condition risk factors in addition to common demographic risk factors and outlined distinct patterns for each of the 4 cancer types studied. Additionally, we explored the similarities and differences in risk factor patterns across these cancers.

Xiayuan Huang, Shushun Ren, Xinyue Mao, Sirui Chen, Elle Chen, Yuqi He, Yun Jiang

JMIR Cancer 2025;11:e62833

Effectiveness of The Umbrella Collaboration Versus Traditional Umbrella Reviews for Evidence Synthesis in Health Care: Protocol for a Validation Study

Effectiveness of The Umbrella Collaboration Versus Traditional Umbrella Reviews for Evidence Synthesis in Health Care: Protocol for a Validation Study

While AI plays a crucial role, particularly through the use of LLMs and machine learning (ML), it is used selectively within the broader software framework to enhance specific tasks. LLMs are used in generating related search terms, expanding upon human-generated queries to enhance the comprehensiveness of literature searches. Any LLM can be adapted to TU software, up to date we have used Chat GPT 4 [18].

Beltran Carrillo, Marta Rubinos-Cuadrado, Jazmin Parellada-Martin, Alejandra Palacios-López, Beltran Carrillo-Rubinos, Fernando Canillas-Del Rey, Juan Jose Baztán-Cortes, Javier Gómez-Pavon

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e67248

Applications of AI in Predicting Drug Responses for Type 2 Diabetes

Applications of AI in Predicting Drug Responses for Type 2 Diabetes

AI includes a range of methods, among which ML and deep learning (DL) stand out as 2 prominent subsets [8]. ML is involved in building systems that are capable of learning from data, identifying patterns, and making decisions. On the other hand, DL, is a special form of ML inspired by the structure and function of the brain, especially neural networks. These models learn from data autonomously and are adaptable to various features.

Shilpa Garg, Robert Kitchen, Ramneek Gupta, Ewan Pearson

JMIR Diabetes 2025;10:e66831

Estimation of Static Lung Volumes and Capacities From Spirometry Using Machine Learning: Algorithm Development and Validation

Estimation of Static Lung Volumes and Capacities From Spirometry Using Machine Learning: Algorithm Development and Validation

A prior study by Beverin et al [7] examined the prediction of total lung capacity from spirometry using three tree-based machine learning (ML) models, achieving a mean squared error of 560.1 m L. They further developed models to classify restrictive ventilatory impairment, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 92%, respectively. However, they did not explore prediction of the complete lung volume assessments.

Scott A Helgeson, Zachary S Quicksall, Patrick W Johnson, Kaiser G Lim, Rickey E Carter, Augustine S Lee

JMIR AI 2025;4:e65456