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Pharmaceutical Analysis of Inpatient Prescriptions: Systematic Observation of Hospital Pharmacists’ Practices in the Early User-Centered Design Phase

Pharmaceutical Analysis of Inpatient Prescriptions: Systematic Observation of Hospital Pharmacists’ Practices in the Early User-Centered Design Phase

In the context of developing a CDSS, the information provided by these studies is interesting but does not provide the exploratory data needed to design a prescription analysis support module. Moreover, it is difficult to retrieve exploratory data from the design and evaluation phases, as they only give access to the tip of the iceberg of product design: that is, “What was done?” and not “Why was it done?”

Jesse Butruille, Natalina Cirnat, Mariem Alaoui, Jérôme Saracco, Etienne Cousein, Noémie Chaniaud

JMIR Hum Factors 2025;12:e65959

Impact of Clinical Decision Support Systems on Medical Students’ Case-Solving Performance: Comparison Study with a Focus Group

Impact of Clinical Decision Support Systems on Medical Students’ Case-Solving Performance: Comparison Study with a Focus Group

Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have been implemented to aid practitioners in this duty [1-3]. Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) serve as the prototype for CDSS. They are published and updated at varying frequencies by scientific societies and policy makers, covering virtually every medical field or disorder. Over time, the number and complexity of CPG have increased, resulting in more detailed and robust recommendations.

Marco Montagna, Filippo Chiabrando, Rebecca De Lorenzo, Patrizia Rovere Querini, Medical Students

JMIR Med Educ 2025;11:e55709

Studying the Potential Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Physician Autonomy: Scoping Review

Studying the Potential Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Physician Autonomy: Scoping Review

AI in medicine can take a number of forms and fulfill a number of tasks, ranging from risk prediction or diagnosis and screening to AI-powered clinical decision support systems (CDSS) [1]. AI systems have also been introduced across a range of medical specialties, including oncology, pulmonology, and radiology [2]. Physician autonomy has been found to play a role in physician acceptance and adoption of medical technologies [3], and in particular, AI [1].

John Grosser, Juliane Düvel, Lena Hasemann, Emilia Schneider, Wolfgang Greiner

JMIR AI 2025;4:e59295

An AI-Based Clinical Decision Support System for Antibiotic Therapy in Sepsis (KINBIOTICS): Use Case Analysis

An AI-Based Clinical Decision Support System for Antibiotic Therapy in Sepsis (KINBIOTICS): Use Case Analysis

The pilot version of the AI-based CDSS was evaluated in a 2-stage semistructured qualitative process [32]. With regard to feasibility, physicians were each shown 5 exemplary sepsis patient cases in a desktop version of the CDSS. Cases were selected randomly from the evaluation dataset and were identical for each interviewee. In addition to basic patient information, this contained relevant vital parameters, and the treatment recommendation determined by the AI-based CDSS (Figure 1).

Juliane Andrea Düvel, David Lampe, Maren Kirchner, Svenja Elkenkamp, Philipp Cimiano, Christoph Düsing, Hannah Marchi, Sophie Schmiegel, Christiane Fuchs, Simon Claßen, Kirsten-Laura Meier, Rainer Borgstedt, Sebastian Rehberg, Wolfgang Greiner

JMIR Hum Factors 2025;12:e66699

The Construction and Application of a Clinical Decision Support System for Cardiovascular Diseases: Multimodal Data-Driven Development and Validation Study

The Construction and Application of a Clinical Decision Support System for Cardiovascular Diseases: Multimodal Data-Driven Development and Validation Study

The primary objective of CDSS is to optimize clinical decisions by integrating clinical observations with knowledge bases, ultimately improving patient outcomes [14]. In recent years, CDSS has been preliminarily applied in some specific medical scenarios, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient management, antibiotic management, and venous thromboembolism management [15-17].

Shumei Miao, Pei Ji, Yongqian Zhu, Haoyu Meng, Mang Jing, Rongrong Sheng, Xiaoliang Zhang, Hailong Ding, Jianjun Guo, Wen Gao, Guanyu Yang, Yun Liu

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e63186

An Automated Clinical Laboratory Decision Support System for Test Utilization, Medical Necessity Verification, and Payment Processing

An Automated Clinical Laboratory Decision Support System for Test Utilization, Medical Necessity Verification, and Payment Processing

The introduction of an automated clinical decision support system (CDSS) that guides physicians to order the most appropriate test(s) for their patients while simultaneously providing both medical necessity requirements and applicable diagnostic codes will be a vital tool to improve test ordering and reimbursement efficiency.

Safedin Beqaj, Rojeet Shrestha, Tim Hamill

Interact J Med Res 2025;14:e46007

Effect of Artificial Intelligence Helpfulness and Uncertainty on Cognitive Interactions with Pharmacists: Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of Artificial Intelligence Helpfulness and Uncertainty on Cognitive Interactions with Pharmacists: Randomized Controlled Trial

Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are tools that use medical knowledge and health information to aid clinicians’ decision-making to provide enhanced patient care [1,2]. CDSS can be classified into 2 types: knowledge-based and non–knowledge-based [2]. In knowledge-based CDSS, relevant information is evaluated by a set of IF-THEN rules, and recommendations are generated.

Chuan-Ching Tsai, Jin Yong Kim, Qiyuan Chen, Brigid Rowell, X Jessie Yang, Raed Kontar, Megan Whitaker, Corey Lester

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e59946

User-Oriented Requirements for Artificial Intelligence–Based Clinical Decision Support Systems in Sepsis: Protocol for a Multimethod Research Project

User-Oriented Requirements for Artificial Intelligence–Based Clinical Decision Support Systems in Sepsis: Protocol for a Multimethod Research Project

AI-based CDSS could be particularly useful in sepsis care due to the high heterogeneity and complexity of the disease [10]. Non–knowledge-based respectively data-based CDSS are subject to a trade-off between model complexity and interpretability. As sepsis is an extremely complex condition, a majority of machine learning–based CDSS for this disease can be considered “black box” systems.

Pascal Raszke, Godwin Denk Giebel, Carina Abels, Jürgen Wasem, Michael Adamzik, Hartmuth Nowak, Lars Palmowski, Philipp Heinz, Silke Mreyen, Nina Timmesfeld, Marianne Tokic, Frank Martin Brunkhorst, Nikola Blase

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e62704

Expectations and Requirements of Surgical Staff for an AI-Supported Clinical Decision Support System for Older Patients: Qualitative Study

Expectations and Requirements of Surgical Staff for an AI-Supported Clinical Decision Support System for Older Patients: Qualitative Study

Main categories (1-3), primary codes, and subcodes emerging from inductive analysis of the interviews. a The total sum of quotes belonging to the subcodes. b AI-CDSS: artificial intelligence–supported clinical decision support system. c In the following section, wishes for and chances of an AI-CDSS are presented together due to their overlapping subcodes. d HIS: hospital information system.

Adriane Uihlein, Lisa Beissel, Anna Hanane Ajlani, Marcin Orzechowski, Christoph Leinert, Thomas Derya Kocar, Carlos Pankratz, Konrad Schuetze, Florian Gebhard, Florian Steger, Marina Liselotte Fotteler, Michael Denkinger

JMIR Aging 2024;7:e57899

Health Care Professionals’ Experience of Using AI: Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis

Health Care Professionals’ Experience of Using AI: Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis

Examples of nonspecific codes include problems with internet connection, because this will cause a problem with any digital system requiring internet connection (eg, video calls); challenges with using digital systems, because it can surface where insufficient training has been given [16]; alert fatigue, because it is a recognized problem for any CDSS [17]; and the importance of ensuring that systems do not adversely affect workflows, because it is a recognized issue for the design of digital interventions [

Abimbola Ayorinde, Daniel Opoku Mensah, Julia Walsh, Iman Ghosh, Siti Aishah Ibrahim, Jeffry Hogg, Niels Peek, Frances Griffiths

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e55766